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ANNOTATED GAME

Morphy's Immortal
Paulsen vs. Morphy
Annotated by: samueltoe4 (1200)
Chess opening: Four knights (C48), Bardeleben variation
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Paul Morphy competed in only one tournament in his short career, the 1st American Chess Congress in 1857. In the final round of this knock-out event, he defeated German master Louis Paulsen by a score of +5, =2, -1. In this game, he demonstrates both his better grasp of positional play -- Black's control of the centre files makes a marked contrast to White's flailing on the flanks -- and his combinative ability, as he finishes the game with a startling and brilliant Queen sacrifice.
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Bc5 5. O-O O-O 6. Nxe5 Re8
Rather than permit the "fork trick" 6...Nxe5 7.d4, Black sacrifices a pawn for rapid development.

 
7. Nxc6 dxc6 8. Bc4 b5 9. Be2
The seemingly more logical 9.Bb3 fails to 9...Bg4 10.Qe1 [or 10.Ne2 Rxe4 winning the pinned Knight] 10...b4, and if 11.Na4 Rxe4 traps the White Queen.

 
9... Nxe4 10. Nxe4 Rxe4 11. Bf3 Re6 12. c3
If White were able to follow up with 13.d4, this would be a good move, but he can't. He should reconcile himself to 12.d3.

 
12... Qd3 13. b4 Bb6 14. a4 bxa4 15. Qxa4 Bd7 16. Ra2 Rae8
Threatens mate with 17...Qxf1+. White's reply defends against this sacrifice but allows another, which Paulsen can hardly be blamed for missing. Relatively best was 17.Qd1

 
17. Qa6 Qxf3 18. gxf3
Morphy took 12 minutes to decide on 17...Qxf3, an unusually long time for him. Paulsen, a notoriously slow player, thought for over an hour before capturing the queen.

 
18... Rg6+ 19. Kh1 Bh3 20. Rd1
Black threatened 20...Bg2+ 21.Kg1 Bxf3++, and 20.Rg1 fails to 20...Rxg1+ 21.Kxg1 Re1+. The key line, which Paulsen probably missed at move 17, is 20.Qd3 [hoping to return the queen with 20...Qxg6] 20...f5! and White is helpless.

 
20... Bg2+ 21. Kg1 Bxf3+ 22. Kf1 Bg2+ 23. Kg1 Bh3+ 24. Kh1 Bxf2 25. Qf1 Bxf1 26. Rxf1 Re2 27. Ra1 Rh6 28. d4 Be3
White resigns.